Difference between revisions of "Master suppression techniques"

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Master suppression techniques
'''Master suppression techniques'''<br>
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia<br>


The Master suppression techniques is a framework articulated in 1945 by the Norwegian psychologist and philosopher Ingjald Nissen.[1] These techniques identified by Nissen are ways to indirectly suppress and humiliate opponents. In the late 1970s the framework was popularized by Norwegian social psychologist Berit Ås,[2] who reduced Nissen's original nine means to five, and claimed this was a technique only men could use against women. Master suppression techniques are defined as strategies of social manipulationby which a dominant group maintains such a position in a (established or unexposed) hierarchy. They are very prominent in Scandinavian scholarly and public debate, where the expression is also used to refer to types of social manipulation not part of Ås's framework.[3] Master suppression techniques are sometimes called domination techniques.[4]
The Master suppression techniques is a framework articulated in 1945 by the Norwegian psychologist and philosopher Ingjald Nissen.[1] These techniques identified by Nissen are ways to indirectly suppress and humiliate opponents. In the late 1970s the framework was popularized by Norwegian social psychologist Berit Ås,[2] who reduced Nissen's original nine means to five, and claimed this was a technique only men could use against women. Master suppression techniques are defined as strategies of social manipulationby which a dominant group maintains such a position in a (established or unexposed) hierarchy. They are very prominent in Scandinavian scholarly and public debate, where the expression is also used to refer to types of social manipulation not part of Ås's framework.[3] Master suppression techniques are sometimes called domination techniques.[4]<br>


The five master suppression techniques according to Ås
The five master suppression techniques according to Ås<br>


Making invisible
Making invisible<br>
To silence or otherwise marginalize persons in opposition by ignoring them.
To silence or otherwise marginalize persons in opposition by ignoring them.<br>
Examples:
Examples:
Another speaker takes something you have said as if it was an idea of their own, or starts speaking despite it being your turn.
- Another speaker takes something you have said as if it was an idea of their own, or starts speaking despite it being your turn.<br>
As it is your turn to speak, the other attendees start to talk to each other, browse through their papers, etc.
- As it is your turn to speak, the other attendees start to talk to each other, browse through their papers, etc.<br>


Ridicule
Ridicule<br>
In a manipulative way to portray the arguments of, or their opponents themselves, in a ridiculing fashion.
In a manipulative way to portray the arguments of, or their opponents themselves, in a ridiculing fashion.<br>
Example:
Example:
Another speaker laughs at your accent and compares you to a character in a humorous TV show (although you had something important to say).
- Another speaker laughs at your accent and compares you to a character in a humorous TV show (although you had something important to say).<br>
When making an accusation of wrongdoing against someone, you are being told that you look cute when you're angry.
- When making an accusation of wrongdoing against someone, you are being told that you look cute when you're angry.<br>


Withhold information
Withhold information<br>
To exclude a person from the decision making process, or knowingly not forwarding information so as to make the person less able to make an informed choice.
To exclude a person from the decision making process, or knowingly not forwarding information so as to make the person less able to make an informed choice.<br>
Examples:
Examples:
Your colleagues have a meeting that concerns you, without inviting you.
- Your colleagues have a meeting that concerns you, without inviting you.<br>
Decisions are made not in a conference where everyone is present, but at a dinner party later in the evening, where only some attendants have been invited.
- Decisions are made not in a conference where everyone is present, but at a dinner party later in the evening, where only some attendants have been invited.<br>


Double bind
Double bind<br>
To punish or otherwise belittle the actions of a person, regardless of how they act.<br>
Examples:<br>
- When you do your work tasks thoroughly, you receive complaints for being too slow. When you do them efficiently, you're critiqued for being sloppy.<br>


To punish or otherwise belittle the actions of a person, regardless of how they act.
Heap blame/put to shame<br>
Examples:
To embarrass someone, or to insinuate that they are themselves to blame for their position.<br>
• When you do your work tasks thoroughly, you receive complaints for being too slow. When you do them efficiently, you're critiqued for being sloppy.
Example:<br>
- You inform your manager that you are being slandered, but are told it is your fault since you dress provocatively.<br>
 
Later additions by Ås<br>
Berit Ås has since added two supplementary master suppression techniques. <br>
 
Objectifying<br>
To discuss the appearance of one or several persons in a situation where it is irrelevant.<br>


Heap blame/put to shame
Force/threat of force<br>
To embarrass someone, or to insinuate that they are themselves to blame for their position.
To threaten with or use one's physical strength towards one or several persons.<br>
Example:
Example:<br>
• You inform your manager that you are being slandered, but are told it is your fault since you dress provocatively.
- "One more word from you and I'll smash your face!"<br>


Later additions by Ås
Countermeasures against master suppression techniques<br>
Berit Ås has since added two supplementary master suppression techniques.
A group of PhD students at Stockholm's University[6] has formulated five Counter strategies:<br>
Objectifying
- Take place<br>
To discuss the appearance of one or several persons in a situation where it is irrelevant.
- Questioning<br>
Force/threat of force
- The cards on the table<br>
To threaten with or use one's physical strength towards one or several persons.
- Break the pattern<br>
Example:
- Intellectualise<br>
• "One more word from you and I'll smash your face!"


Countermeasures against master suppression techniques
They have also formulated five Confirmation techniques:<br>
A group of PhD students at Stockholm's University[6] has formulated five Counter strategies:
- Visualizing<br>
• Take place
- Adherence<br>
• Questioning
- Inform<br>
• The cards on the table
- Double reward<br>
• Break the pattern
- Confirm reasonable standards<br>
• Intellectualise
They have also formulated five Confirmation techniques:
Visualizing
Adherence
Inform
Double reward
Confirm reasonable standards


References
'''References'''<br>
1. ^ Ingjald Nissen, Psykopatenes diktatur 1945.
1. ^ Ingjald Nissen, Psykopatenes diktatur 1945.<br>
2. ^ Ås, Berit. "Hersketeknikker". Kjerringråd (Oslo) (1978:3): 17–21. ISSN 0800-0565.
2. ^ Ås, Berit. "Hersketeknikker". Kjerringråd (Oslo) (1978:3): 17–21. ISSN 0800-0565.<br>
3. ^ Andrén, Maria (2008-03-11). "Så hanterar du skitsnacket". Chef. Ledarna. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
3. ^ Andrén, Maria (2008-03-11). "Så hanterar du skitsnacket". Chef. Ledarna. Retrieved 2009-12-19.<br>
4. ^ The Centre for Gender Equality, Norway (April 2001). "Domination techniques: what they are and how to combat them" (pdf). p. 12. Retrieved 2010-01-29.
4. ^ The Centre for Gender Equality, Norway (April 2001). "Domination techniques: what they are and how to combat them" (pdf). p. 12. Retrieved 2010-01-29.<br>
5. ^ Ås, Berit (2004). "The Five Master Suppression Techniques". Women In White: The European Outlook. Stockholm: Stockholm City Council. pp. 78–83. ISBN   
5. ^ Ås, Berit (2004). "The Five Master Suppression Techniques". Women In White: The European Outlook. Stockholm: Stockholm City Council. pp. 78–83. ISBN  <br>
6. ^ ENSU, Empowerment-Nätverket vid Stockholms Universitet (2004) ”Bekräftartekniker och motstrategier - sätt att bemöta maktstrukturer och förändra sociala klimat.”, 2010-07-01
6. ^ ENSU, Empowerment-Nätverket vid Stockholms Universitet (2004) ”Bekräftartekniker och motstrategier - sätt att bemöta maktstrukturer och förändra sociala klimat.”, 2010-07-01<br>

Latest revision as of 09:50, 1 July 2013

Master suppression techniques
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Master suppression techniques is a framework articulated in 1945 by the Norwegian psychologist and philosopher Ingjald Nissen.[1] These techniques identified by Nissen are ways to indirectly suppress and humiliate opponents. In the late 1970s the framework was popularized by Norwegian social psychologist Berit Ås,[2] who reduced Nissen's original nine means to five, and claimed this was a technique only men could use against women. Master suppression techniques are defined as strategies of social manipulationby which a dominant group maintains such a position in a (established or unexposed) hierarchy. They are very prominent in Scandinavian scholarly and public debate, where the expression is also used to refer to types of social manipulation not part of Ås's framework.[3] Master suppression techniques are sometimes called domination techniques.[4]

The five master suppression techniques according to Ås

Making invisible
To silence or otherwise marginalize persons in opposition by ignoring them.
Examples: - Another speaker takes something you have said as if it was an idea of their own, or starts speaking despite it being your turn.
- As it is your turn to speak, the other attendees start to talk to each other, browse through their papers, etc.

Ridicule
In a manipulative way to portray the arguments of, or their opponents themselves, in a ridiculing fashion.
Example: - Another speaker laughs at your accent and compares you to a character in a humorous TV show (although you had something important to say).
- When making an accusation of wrongdoing against someone, you are being told that you look cute when you're angry.

Withhold information
To exclude a person from the decision making process, or knowingly not forwarding information so as to make the person less able to make an informed choice.
Examples: - Your colleagues have a meeting that concerns you, without inviting you.
- Decisions are made not in a conference where everyone is present, but at a dinner party later in the evening, where only some attendants have been invited.

Double bind
To punish or otherwise belittle the actions of a person, regardless of how they act.
Examples:
- When you do your work tasks thoroughly, you receive complaints for being too slow. When you do them efficiently, you're critiqued for being sloppy.

Heap blame/put to shame
To embarrass someone, or to insinuate that they are themselves to blame for their position.
Example:
- You inform your manager that you are being slandered, but are told it is your fault since you dress provocatively.

Later additions by Ås
Berit Ås has since added two supplementary master suppression techniques.

Objectifying
To discuss the appearance of one or several persons in a situation where it is irrelevant.

Force/threat of force
To threaten with or use one's physical strength towards one or several persons.
Example:
- "One more word from you and I'll smash your face!"

Countermeasures against master suppression techniques
A group of PhD students at Stockholm's University[6] has formulated five Counter strategies:
- Take place
- Questioning
- The cards on the table
- Break the pattern
- Intellectualise

They have also formulated five Confirmation techniques:
- Visualizing
- Adherence
- Inform
- Double reward
- Confirm reasonable standards

References
1. ^ Ingjald Nissen, Psykopatenes diktatur 1945.
2. ^ Ås, Berit. "Hersketeknikker". Kjerringråd (Oslo) (1978:3): 17–21. ISSN 0800-0565.
3. ^ Andrén, Maria (2008-03-11). "Så hanterar du skitsnacket". Chef. Ledarna. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
4. ^ The Centre for Gender Equality, Norway (April 2001). "Domination techniques: what they are and how to combat them" (pdf). p. 12. Retrieved 2010-01-29.
5. ^ Ås, Berit (2004). "The Five Master Suppression Techniques". Women In White: The European Outlook. Stockholm: Stockholm City Council. pp. 78–83. ISBN
6. ^ ENSU, Empowerment-Nätverket vid Stockholms Universitet (2004) ”Bekräftartekniker och motstrategier - sätt att bemöta maktstrukturer och förändra sociala klimat.”, 2010-07-01