Relationship human society/nature, productivism: Difference between revisions
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Outline : | |||
The development of the capitalist ecological crisis | |||
Humans produce their existence through social contacts. | |||
Labour, as a conscious activity, transforms natural resources into use values. | |||
1. Causes of the ecological crisis | |||
• Technological system is destructive? | |||
• Population growth destroys nature? | |||
• Reconsider the relationship with of society with nature in a concrete historical and social context | |||
2. Marxist concepts explain the productivist nature of capitalism | |||
• Use value and exchange value | |||
• Production of exchange value becomes independent of human needs | |||
• General aim is accumulation of capital | |||
• Competition between capitals is necessary | |||
• Result is permanent increase of production and constant growing environmental degradation | |||
3. Short history of the development of capitalism | |||
• Enclosures movement in England | |||
• Farmers expulsed form their land: landless poor will become later the proletariat in factories | |||
• Separation of country side and towns | |||
• Capitalist dynamics of accumulation spread over the world | |||
• Industrialisation in 19th century is the cause of an erupting ecological crisis | |||
• Mercantilism: plundering of natural resources and genocides in colonies | |||
• First monocultures of export crops | |||
• New slave based economy put in place | |||
• Industrial revolution based on factories in cities and on burning of coal for steam engines | |||
• Growing differentiation in agriculture | |||
• Intensified destruction of tropical forests | |||
• The fertility crisis and its solution chemical fertilisers | |||
• Second industrial revolution : discovery of oil and mechanisation based on electricity | |||
• New sectors in 20th century: car industry, petrochemicals, aeronautics, farming and building engines | |||
• Agribusiness: pesticides and chemical fertilisers; GMO’s | |||
• New materials such as plastics, pesticides growing poisoning of all ecosystems | |||
4. New global problems emerge in the 1970’s | |||
• Hole in ozone layer: problem solved by regulations not by market forces | |||
• Global warming caused by greenhouse gasses: most dramatic and urgent problem | |||
• Neoliberalism worsens the ecological crisis | |||
• Capitalist pseudo-solutions | |||
5. Necessity of an ecosocialist alternative | |||
Revision as of 15:18, 5 November 2019
Outline : The development of the capitalist ecological crisis Humans produce their existence through social contacts. Labour, as a conscious activity, transforms natural resources into use values.
1. Causes of the ecological crisis • Technological system is destructive? • Population growth destroys nature? • Reconsider the relationship with of society with nature in a concrete historical and social context 2. Marxist concepts explain the productivist nature of capitalism • Use value and exchange value • Production of exchange value becomes independent of human needs • General aim is accumulation of capital • Competition between capitals is necessary • Result is permanent increase of production and constant growing environmental degradation 3. Short history of the development of capitalism • Enclosures movement in England • Farmers expulsed form their land: landless poor will become later the proletariat in factories • Separation of country side and towns • Capitalist dynamics of accumulation spread over the world • Industrialisation in 19th century is the cause of an erupting ecological crisis • Mercantilism: plundering of natural resources and genocides in colonies • First monocultures of export crops • New slave based economy put in place • Industrial revolution based on factories in cities and on burning of coal for steam engines • Growing differentiation in agriculture • Intensified destruction of tropical forests • The fertility crisis and its solution chemical fertilisers • Second industrial revolution : discovery of oil and mechanisation based on electricity • New sectors in 20th century: car industry, petrochemicals, aeronautics, farming and building engines • Agribusiness: pesticides and chemical fertilisers; GMO’s • New materials such as plastics, pesticides growing poisoning of all ecosystems 4. New global problems emerge in the 1970’s • Hole in ozone layer: problem solved by regulations not by market forces • Global warming caused by greenhouse gasses: most dramatic and urgent problem • Neoliberalism worsens the ecological crisis • Capitalist pseudo-solutions 5. Necessity of an ecosocialist alternative